    28

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    the amphibians.  Though amphibians spent a good deal of their time ashore, they

    apparently felt that land was a nice place to visit, but you wouldn't want to raise

    your kids there.  They still laid their eggs in underwater nurseries, where the

    youngsters stayed until they were old enough to brave the hard, cold facts of life

    outside the pond.  (For a fascinating account of this process, see Lynn Margulis

    and Dorion Sagan, Microcosmos: Four Billion Years of Microbial Evolution, pp.

    197-202.)

    9.  Paul  D.  MacLean,  A Triune Concept of the Brain and Behavior, University of

    Toronto Press, Toronto, 1973.  For more on the triune brain, see: Richard Restak,

    M.D., The Brain, Bantam Books, 1984. p. 136; Robert  Ornstein and David Sobel,

    The Healing Brain, pp. 37-38; and Carl Sagan, The Dragons of Eden: Speculations

    on the Evolution of Human Intelligence, Ballantine Books, New York, 1977, pp.

    53-83.

    10.  Richard E. Leakey and Richard Lewin, People of the Lake: Mankind and Its

    Beginnings, Avon Books, New York, 1983.  Though this entire book promotes the

    thesis that "war is a cultural invention," a summation of the argument can be found

    on pages 233-236.  By the way, Edward O. Wilson, in Sociobiology (p. 121), points

    out that "murder is far more common and hence 'normal' in many vertebrate

    species than in man."

    11.  Anthropologist Richard Lee analyzed the data on !Kung homicide and

    "determined that, within a population of fifteen hundred !Kung, there had in fact

    been twenty-two killings over five decades--about five more than the same number

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