    92

    187. Favorite topics of debate among the Druids, for example, included "the

    heavenly bodies and their movements, the size of the universe and of the earth, the

    physical constitution of the world, and the power and properties of the gods."

    (Caesar, The Conquest of Gaul, p. 141.)

    188. Caesar, The Conquest of Gaul, p. 157.

    189. Mohamed Heikal, The Return of the Ayatollah, p. 121.

    190. The politician was Mosaddeq--the premier who had nationalized the oil

    industry.  The story comes from his son.  And the result was reportedly Mosaddeq's

    complete paralysis.  (Mohamed Heikal, The Return of the Ayatollah, p. 65.)

    191. Shaul Bakash, The Reign of the Ayatollahs: Iran and the Islamic Revolution,

    Basic Books, New York, 1984, p. 12; Mohamed Heikal, The Return of the

    Ayatollah, p. 121.

    192. Khomeini first showed signs of political potential in 1941, when he wrote his

    book  Kashf al-Asrar.  In it, the cleric attacked the Shah's father as a usurper,

    belittled the legitimacy of the parliament, called the governmental ministries corrupt,

    and declared the police unspeakably cruel.  But the future Ayatollah kept relatively

    quiet for the next twenty years.  Then, in 1962, Khomeini erupted when the

    government passed a new law that, among other things, made it possible for

    women to vote.  This, in the Ayatollah's opinion, was an outrage against Islam.

    (Shaul Bakash, The Reign of the Ayatollahs: Iran and the Islamic Revolution, p. 24;

    Mohamed Heikal, The Return of the Ayatollah, p. 86.)

    193. Taghuti--the emotionally-charged, Koranic term for tyrant--was the Ayatollah's

    favorite term for his opponents.   (Mohamed Heikal, The Return of the Ayatollah, p.

    88.)

    194. Shaul Bakhash, The Reign of the Ayatollahs: Iran and the Islamic Revolution,

    pp. 86-88.

    195. Shaul Bakash, The Reign of the Ayatollahs: Iran and the Islamic Revolution, p.

    4.  See also Shaul Bakash, "The Islamic Republic of Iran, 1979-1989," The Wilson

    Quarterly, Autumn 1989, pp. 54-62.

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