    78

    65. For more on the rising threat of Islam, see: Charles Krauthammer, "The

    Unipolar Moment," Foreign Affairs: America and the World 1990/91, special issue

    of Foreign Affairs, pp. 23-33;  Tim Weiner, "Blowback from the Afghan Battlefield,"

    New York Times Magazine, March 13, 1994, pp. 53-5.  And for the Islamic world's

    almost universal embrace of a fundamentalism tainted heavily by  hatred of the

    U.S. after the 1991 Iraqi-American War, see Eqbal Ahmad, "A Tug of War For

    Muslim's Allegiance: Fundamentalist currents vie for ascendancy," New Statesman

    and Society, London, in World Press Review, November, 1991, pp. 24-25.

    66. Islam is the fastest-expanding religion in the Afro-American community, with

    over a million Black American adherents.(Ari L. Goldman, "Mainstream Islam

    Rapidly Embraced by Black Americans," The New York Times, February 21, 1989,

    pp. 1 and B4.)  Funds from countries like Iran, Libya and Saudi Arabia have made

    much of this expansion possible.  In 1977, for example, three Saudi princes

    decided to funnel fifty million dollars into American Black neighborhoods.  But there

    would be a price.  When Saudi Arabia sponsored a Black American Business

    Conference at L.A.'s Century Plaza Hotel in 1979, Gerald E. Gray, head of the Pan

    American Steel Corporation, gave the 600 Afro-American entrepreneurs assembled

    for the event the following advice.  To get more Arab money, he said, blacks need

    to "establish some non-economic relationships [with Islamic interests]....  When

    Arabs attempted to boycott companies, we didn't say anything in their support.

    When Arabs were accused of creating inflation by raising the price of oil, we had a

    chance to articulate their position.  ...we're going to have to be their voice in this

    country if we expect them to participate in business with us."  (Steven Emerson,

    The American House of Saud: The Secret Petrodollar Connection, Franklin Watts,

    New York, 1985, pp. 73-74.)  For an indication of the manner in which Islamic

    groups have overcome the barriers erected between church and state to run

    "Islamic cultural programs" in inner city public schools, see Michael Daly, "Pal saw

    the route of all evil in sheik," New York Daily News, March 23, 1993, pp. 8, 18.

    67.  Yehudit Barsky, Al-Fuqra: Holy Warriors of Terrorism, Anti-Defamation League,

    New York, 1993, p. 1.

    68.  Olivier Michel, "Allah's GI's," Le Figaro, Paris, reprinted in World Press Review,

    September 1992, pp. 40-41.

    69. The Sword of Islam, Granada TV.

    70. "Islam," Smithsonian World.

    71.  For attempted Iranian inroads into the Central Asian Republics, see: Martha

    Brill Olcott, "Central Asia's Catapult to Independence,"  Foreign Affairs, Summer

    <<  <  GO  >  >>